Types of Diabetes
There are two main types of diabetes:Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes occurs mostly in children, adolescents and young adults. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas no longer produces insulin, making type 1 diabetics dependent on daily insulin injections for their survival. At the present time, we do not know how to prevent this type of diabetes. Research is focused on uncovering the mechanisms underlying the destruction of insulin-producing cells.
Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes occurs much later in life, generally after 40 years of age. About 90% of diabetics have this type of diabetes. In the last few years, we’ve noticed that this type of diabetes is occurring earlier; in some high-risk groups, it can even occur in childhood.Type 2 diabetes is the stealthiest type of diabetes. The symptoms can be mild and therefore overlooked for years. Unfortunately, by the time it’s diagnosed, the damage is done. By making major lifestyle changes, it is possible to delay the onset of the disease and reduce its impact.
Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy, generally toward the end of the second or in third trimester. In 90% of cases, it disappears after the baby is born.Gestational diabetes occurs in 2% to 4% of pregnancies. It affects both the fetus and the mother. The risk to the baby is that it will be born bigger and fatter than normal. For the mother, having diabetes increases the risk of infection, of excessive fatigue and can cause complications during the delivery.Gestational diabetes can be treated and controlled through proper nutrition, weight control and a healthy lifestyle. If these measures are not sufficient, insulin injections will be necessary, since oral anti-diabetic drugs are contra-indicated during pregnancy.
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